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🇩🇪 Germany

Election watch

Next regular Bundestag cycle: 2029, subject to an earlier election.

An indicative term-based year following the 23 February 2025 election, not a confirmed polling date.

Election information source ↗

Checked 2026-09-17. Selected 2025 party programmes are historical. They are not assumed to be current coalition policy or complete fiscal costings.

Government and alternative plans

Source documents for reference. A party's costing is its own estimate unless identified as independent. Different years, definitions and government levels are not directly comparable. These documents do not automatically change the simulator.

Government fiscal collection · See individual publication dates

Federal public finances ↗

Federal Ministry of Finance

Official federal budget and fiscal-policy documents. Federal figures cover a narrower scope than the general-government comparison.

Historical manifesto · 2025 election

Zusammen wachsen ↗

Bündnis 90/Die Grünen

Party programme from the 2025 contest. Policy proposals require separate fiscal assessment.

Historical document archive · Multiple elections

Browse original party manifestos ↗

Manifesto Project · WZB / IfDem

Use the document browser to select a country, party and election year. This is an archive of political programmes, not a set of audited alternative budgets.

Tax starting points

Income tax
14–45% + surcharges
Corporation tax
15.825% + municipal trade tax
VAT / sales tax
19% VAT
Tariffs
Rates depend on the product, origin and trade agreement.

Personal range excludes the zero-rate allowance; sourced schedule is 2025. Solidarity and church taxes may apply. Corporate 15.825% includes the solidarity surcharge; municipal trade tax is additional. Announced later-year reductions are not applied to this reference.

Tax sources checked 2026-09-17. These are headline references; marginal rates apply to income bands, not every unit of income. Payroll contributions and allowances are not included in this compact comparison.

Income tax source · Corporation tax source · WTO tariff schedules

Pension schedules still marked “Not yet verified” are missing verified comparison data, not countries without pensions. Pension entitlements depend on contributions, age, residence and scheme.

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